Intro to Human Resource Management
For this module’s discussion, find information and statistics about employee and leader perceptions of performance reviews. Perform a Google search using terms such as “performance management statistics” or “performance reviews AND perception”. A good place to start for information on this topic is SHRM.org or The Global State of Employee Engagement at officevibe.com.
In your main post, share interesting or surprising findings and be sure to cite the source of the information.
Answer one or two of the questions below based on your research in 3-4 sentences.
Are employers happy with traditional performance management systems?
What do most employees believe about performance review impacting the quality of their work?
Is the time devoted to performance reviews significant (3+ weeks per year)?
How happy are workers about reviews happening once per year? Would they prefer more or less frequent feedback?
How do employees’ perceptions around performance management differ based on generational group (Millennial, Gen X, Baby Boomers)?
Do HR Managers and general leaders share the same perceptions of performance management?
Is the perception of performance reviews similar worldwide?
Nursing
Below are helpful resources to assist you with completing the
Click on each link to view.
https://www.ted.com/talks/wade_davis_on_endangered_cultures - With stunning photos and stories, National Geographic Explorer Wade Davis celebrates the extraordinary diversity of the world's indigenous cultures, which are disappearing from the planet at an alarming rate.
Photos of Endangered Cultures (https://www.ted.com/talks/phil_borges_on_endangered_cultures) - Photographer Phil Borges shows rarely seen images of people from the mountains of Dharamsala, India, and the jungles of the Ecuadorean Amazon. In documenting these endangered cultures, he intends to help preserve them.
The Danger of a Single Story (http://www.ted.com/talks/chimamanda_adichie_the_danger_of_a_single_story) - Our lives, our cultures, are composed of many overlapping stories. Novelist Chimamanda Adichie tells the story of how she found her authentic cultural voice — and warns that if we hear only a single story about another person or country, we risk a critical misunderstanding.
Theories & Models
Cultural Competence Project (http://www.ojccnh.org/project/theories-models.shtml)
Giger and Davidhizar Giger and Davidhizar - Alternative Formats (https://mdc.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/pid-10685142-dt-content-rid-150492696_1/xid-150492696_1)
Resource Library
You can also revisit U.S. Department of Health & Human Services - Office of Minority Health
Log in and click on the ToolKit - Resource Library tab
The Resource Library has many useful descriptions and examples of models to use for your
DRUG sheets
For the following drugs, list the:
1 . Mechanisms of action 2. Indications 3. Dosage 4. Precautions 5. Recommended dosages 6. Concentrations 7. Any adverse reactions to be expected
drugs needed -Robitussin, Humibid, Guaifenesin, Normal saline, Sterile distilled water
references used in apa 7 format
I put a codeine pdf as an example
Heritage and Your Attitudes to Health
Please write a short biography of yourself as an introduction to your learning community. Before you begin, think about your unique sociocultural heritage. What are the habits, beliefs, likes, customs, etc., that you acquired through your family? How has your environment impacted these?
After you have introduced yourself, be sure to complete the following sentences:
My social cultural heritage is . .
The major sociocultural events that have occurred in my lifetime are . .
When I was growing up, the demographic profile of my community was . . .; now, it is . . .
If I needed economic help, I would . .
I define health as . . .
I define illness as . . .
To maintain my health, I . . .
To protech my health, I . . .
When I experience a noticeable change in my health, I . . .
I diagnose my own health problems by . . . Or
I do not diagnose my own health problems because . . .
I seek health care from . . .
To restore my health, I . . . (give a specific example)
Legal challenges in informatics
Outline Legal challenges in informatics, "Your outline must be submitted in a formal outline format as shown below. The outline should demonstrate enough detail to make it clear that you have considered the organization of your presentation, including the research required for your topic, and the planned sections for your presentation. At the end of your outline, please provide a listing of the sources which you have already identified for use in creating your research presentation.
Outline Format
I. Thesis Statement
II. Main point
A. Subpoint
1. Details of Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
B. Next Subpoint
1. Details of the Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
III. Main point
A. Subpoint
1. Details of Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
B. Next Subpoint
1. Details of the Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
IV. Main point
A. Subpoint
1. Details of Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
B. Next Subpoint
1. Details of the Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
V. Conclusion
A. Subpoint
1. Details of Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
B. Closing
1. Details of the Subpoint
2. More details of the Subpoint
VI. APA Style in-text citations and references where appropriate
Physician Office Records
Based upon your own practice setting, or your desired practice setting, discuss the key components of the patient record. What makes a thorough and high-quality patient record in your setting?
initial post with a minimum of 250 words All posts and must contain at least (2) professional references properly cited in the current APA format
Health care delivery systems in the United States of America
Response must be at least 150 words and written in current APA format with at least two academic references. References must be within the last five years. Response must extend, refute/correct, or add additional nuance.
Health care delivery systems in the United States of America
In the United States, people's access to health care is dependent on a variety of factors such as their location and their employment status, as well as whether or not they have insurance and what type Few doctors and hospitals exist in rural areas whereas people have a wide range of options in large urban areas. In the early 20th century, private, employer-sponsored health insurance emerged. Even though health insurance costs and coverage options vary widely, by the 1960s, most large employers offered some form of health insurance (Johnson, 2021). As of 1965, Medicare and Medicaid were created by the federal government. Americans 65 and older have access to Medicare, while low-income Americans have access to Medicaid. In addition to Medicaid, CHIP provides coverage for eligible children through state-run CHIP programs. Veterans' Health Administration (VA) is a federal agency that provides health care to older retired persons.
Medicare covers 14% of Americans, 19% by Medicaid including CHIP, 7% privately purchased plans, 49% are employer-sponsored plans, 9% are uninsured, while other health insurance programs cover 2%. The concept of managed care emerged in the second half of the 20th century. Health insurance systems that offer managed care create contracts with networks of health care providers and approve or deny care under these arrangements (Johnson, 2021). As part of their agreement, patients agree only to receive care from approved providers, while health insurance companies keep Providers like doctors and other healthcare professionals agree to be paid a set amount for each type of As well as Medicare, Medicaid, and the VA, many private health insurance companies also use this approach.
Many people in the United States do not have health insurance. Those who do not qualify for Medicaid or Medicare, or who do not work for a company that offers cheap coverage, frequently go without insurance and treatment. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare or the Affordable Care Act, was passed by the federal government in 2010 (ACA). The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) aims to expand health insurance coverage to more Americans. It includes several provisions, including prohibiting coverage denial based on preexisting health conditions and providing subsidies (funding) to assist some people in paying for coverage (Johnson, 2021). Before the passing of the PPACA, approximately 45 million people in the United States lacked health insurance, accounting for around 15% of the population. By the end of 2016, the population has shrunk to around 28 million people or around 9%. It is noteworthy that the United States is an exception among wealthy countries in that it does not give universal health care coverage to all residents. Age, occupation, socioeconomic level, and race are all significant factors determining who receives health insurance in the United States. African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans are more likely to be without health insurance. To a certain extent, this is because these groups have statistically lower income and wealth levels, as well as higher levels of unemployment and employment in lower- If you are a member of one of these categories, you may not have the income, wealth, insurance, or employment that corresponds to these (Johnson, 2021). As a result of this, there is a wide variation in income and wealth. They all contribute to the lack of health insurance and the consequent lack of access to medical care.
In the United States, health maintenance organizations are frequently used to deliver care. A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a company that provides medical care based on pre-paid contracts and agreed-upon prices. HMOs were created to keep medical costs under control by deterring doctors from prescribing superfluous medications or performing unnecessary treatments. Managed care, a system of authorizing or denying treatments, prescriptions, and consultations with primary care doctors and specialists, is used by HMOs (Knickman & Elbel, 2019). Many hospitals keep a chargemaster, a detailed record of medical services, and their associated charges to negotiate with HMOs. This list may overstate rates for some operations to boost the hospital's negotiating position, and some services may be rejected due to their cost. The United States has the world's highest per-capita healthcare expenses, prompting some analysts to question how these costs are established and negotiated.
The topic of who can classify therapy as necessary or superfluous is a social issue surrounding managed care and HMOs (Zhang, Lin, Pforsich & Lin, 2020). Managed care has been chastised for denying treatment. An insurance company may deny a doctor's preferred medicines and treatments, forcing the patient to choose a less expensive, less compelling option. When a for-profit corporation controls health care, power is concentrated in the hands of administrators whose duty is to keep costs low. This may strengthen companies' social power while weakening doctors' and patients'.
Large hospitals in the United States conduct illness and medicine research, teach new doctors, and treat patients. Smaller community hospitals are solely dedicated to patient care. Hospitals are complicated bureaucracies, and adequately running one while delivering medical treatment equally throughout a population can be difficult. Hospitals in the United States are experiencing doctor and nurse shortages, albeit the problem is not evenly distributed (Zhang, Lin, Pforsich & Lin, 2020). The most severe shortages are in rural areas and hospital emergency rooms. Both of these professions pay less. This relates to another problem in hospitals: physician sleep deprivation. Doctors frequently work lengthy shifts, sometimes exceeding 24 hours in a row, emphasizing the significance of collaborative care between nurses and doctors and other healthcare staff
Discussion
: Response must be at least 150 words. Must extend, refute/correct, or add additional nuanc. Must be written in current APA format with at least two academic references. References must be within the last five years.
As advanced practice nurses (APRNs) become a mainstay for cost effective treatment for patients in the US their role and responsibilities have grown. Depending on the scope of practice allowed by each individual state, prescribing has become a large part of the APRNs treatment plan. They are able to develop a plan that incorporates drug therapy to promote health and treat disease after considering many issues in order to achieve safe, appropriate, and effective therapy for their patients (Arcangelo et al., 2017). They do this by promoting adherence to therapeutic treatment, conducting follow up measures and keeping up to date with the latest in drug research (Arcangelo et al., 2017).
The first responsibility of the APRN before prescribing any kind of therapy is to gather pertinent information about the patient by completing a thorough history and physical (Arcangelo et al., 2017). Once all necessary data has been collected and an appropriate diagnosis has been made, the practitioner can create a treatment plan that most often includes over the counter as well as prescription medications (Arcangelo et al., 2017).
According to VandeWaa & Dolan (2020), prescribing is influenced by many complex factors including economic and social factors as well as how newly approved drugs get to the market. A risk-benefit analysis must be conducted to compare therapeutic effects against potential risks (Arcangelo et al., 2017). Potential side effects, drug interactions, efficacy, cost, and other considerations must be taken before selecting the most appropriate medication to avoid serious consequences (Arcangelo et al., 2017).
One major responsibility of the APRN in prescribing is patient education. Informed consent means that the patient is fully educated and understands the benefits as well as all risks involved with specific medication treatment. This includes the understanding of alternatives, allowing the patient to make an informed choice of taking or not taking the suggested medication. When expectations are met with appropriate medication treatment plans, the patient is more likely to believe the medication will be effective and will more likely adhere to the treatment plan until finished (Arcangelo et al., 2017). Education about medication treatment with specific disease process can also reduce pressure placed on prescribers to prescribe for the sake of prescribing such as the case with antibiotics for a viral cold (Arcangelo et al., 2017).
Prescriptive authority varies state by state and is typically overseen by the State Board of Nursing. Depending on where the APRNs practice is held they can have full authority, collaborative practice, supervised practice, or delegated practice. It is important for the APRN to understand their where their scope ends and what agreements must be met in order to legally write prescriptions (Arcangelo et al., 2017).
According to Mitchell & Oliphant (2016), ethical prescribing begins with the appropriate selection and dosing of medication specific to each individual patients needs in order to promote positive patient outcomes. Many factors can affect this outcome and must be considered when prescribers are formulating a plan. The expected outcomes of treatment as well as undesirable outcomes guide the treatment process. When it is noted that the medication plan is unsuccessful the plan must then pivot to a second-line therapy plan in order to promote positive outcomes over time.
The use of electronic prescribing helps the APRN write legible, easily recorded prescriptions that can be sent to the pharmacy in real time. The use of this technology allows for better adherence to clearly identifiable licensing number as well as signature of the prescriber. This technology also allows for the adherence of appropriate medication dosage and route by the prescriber (Arcangelo et al., 2017).
As advanced practice nurses move into a role of more autonomy, their responsibilities to ethically assess, diagnose and prescribe is paramount. Considering factors like adherence, affordability, potential side effects and efficacy drive the practitioner’s action to successfully treat the patient as well as continued follow ups and assessment to maintain ongoing positive outcomes and change when needed.
CHARTING A COURSE FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION
The setting is an 82-bed hospital located in a small city. One day an employee of the maintenance department asked the supervisor, George Mann, for an hour or two off to take care of some personal business. Mann agreed, and he asked the employee to stop at the garden equipment dealership and buy several small lawnmower parts that the department required. While transacting business at a local bank, the employee was seen by Sally Carter, the supervisor of both human resources and payroll, who was in the bank on hospital business. Carter asked the employee what he was doing there and was told the visit was personal. On returning to the hospital, Sally Carter examined the employee’s time card. The employee had not punched out to indicate when he had left the hospital. Carter noted the time the employee returned, and after the normal working day she marked the card to indicate an absence of 2 hours on personal business. Carter advised the chief executive officer (CEO), Jane Arnold, of what she had done, citing a long-standing policy (in their dusty, and some would say infrequently used, policy manual) requiring an employee to punch out when leaving the premises on personal business. The CEO agreed with Sally Carter’s action. Carter advised Mann of the action and stated that the employee would not be paid for the 2 hours he was gone. Mann was angry. He said he had told the employee not to punch out because he had asked him to pick up some parts on his trip; however, he conceded that the employee’s personal business was probably the greater part of the trip. Carter replied that Mann had no business doing what he had done and that it was his—Mann’s—poor management that had caused the employee to suffer. Mann appealed to the CEO to reopen the matter based on his claim that there was an important side to the story that she had not yet heard. Jane Arnold agreed to hear both managers state their position.
Present a 12 – 15 slide PowerPoint answering the case study questions. The number of slides exclude the title and reference pages. Substantial Speaker Notes are required throughout the entire presentation. Below you will find articles with more info on speaker notes.
- Develop the argument you would be advancing if you were in George Mann’s position.
1. In similar fashion, thoroughly develop the argument you would advance if you were in Sally Carter’s position.
2. Assuming the position of the CEO, Jane Arnold, render a decision. (Document your decision in whatever detail may be necessary, complete with explanation of why you decided in this fashion)
3. Based on your responses to Questions 1 to 3, outline whatever steps—policy changes, guidelines, payroll requirements, or something else—you believe should be considered to minimize the chances of similar conflict in the future.
Reference your readings and include a minimum of 5 peer-reviewed, scholarly, or similar articles.
Format your PowerPoint according to APA guidelines Presentation Tips, and Articles on Speaker Notes.
Discussion
Reflect back over the term. What one thing did you learn in the course that you were able to apply in your work during the term? What one thing are you most looking forward to applying to your career in the future. What future trends may influence how nurses use evidence to improve the quality of patient care?
A reminder of the course objectives may help you reflect on this term:
Explain the purpose of nursing research in an evidence-based practice environment.
Differentiate qualitative and quantitative research in terms of philosophy, methodology, and outcome.
Critically analyze various types of research methods, designs, and evidence-based practice for scientific merit.
Investigate the literature to gain knowledge related to a select problem in education, administration or practice.
Evaluate the reliability, validity, and typical outcomes of instruments commonly used for nursing research.
Explore ethical principles as they relate to research and evidence-based practice.
Design an evidence-based practice project that incorporates scholarly inquiry applicable to a select problem in nursing practice, administration or education
